Ten Daily Electronic Common Sense-Section 66

What are the data types of the VHDL standard of the combined circuit?

• Boolean quantity
• Bit
• Bit vector
• Std logic and Std logic vector types
• Integer
• Natural number and positive integer
• Real number
• Character and character string
• Time
• Severity level

How does the charge pump achieve voltage boost?

The charge pump achieves voltage boost through switch arrays, oscillators, logic circuits, and comparison controllers, and uses capacitors to store energy.

What functions does the logic control module implement?

• Verify the identity of the reader and the electronic tag
• Control the communication process between the reader and the electronic tag;
• Encrypt and decrypt the data transmitted between the reader and the electronic tag;
• Realize and back-end applications Interface specification between programs;
• Execute anti-collision algorithm to realize multi-label identification function.

What are the four indispensable elements of the ignition circuit to work properly?

1. The normal sensor signal (crankshaft speed signal) is sent to the CPU system;
2. The CPU system can process normal information and output the corresponding ignition drive signal;
3. The actuator (ignition and drive circuit) can work normally;
4. The ignition monitoring circuit The monitoring voltage signal can be fed back to the CPU system normally.

What is the classification of the interleaver?

1. Block interleaver
2. Irregular interleaver
3. Random interleaver

What are the main performance indicators of the differential amplifier?

1. The main performance indicators of the differential amplifier are: differential mode amplification, common mode amplification, and common mode rejection ratio. It also includes many: input and output impedance, offset voltage, drift, bandwidth, etc.
2. Advantages of differential amplifiers: The differential amplifier circuit is an effective circuit for suppressing zero-point drift. It is a symmetrical circuit that can make drift signals cancel each other out.
3. For differential amplification: due to the symmetry of the circuit, the output drift voltage of the two tubes must be equal in magnitude and polarity due to factors such as temperature changes, which is a common mode signal. When the input signal is a common mode signal, due to the symmetry of the circuit, the collector currents of the two tubes generate equal current increments. The common-mode output voltage is zero when double-ended output, and the common-mode amplification is also zero. Even with a single output circuit, due to the large value of the common-mode resistance, a large feedback voltage is generated, and the amplification factor is reduced to a very low level, and the common-mode signal can be well suppressed, thus stabilizing the operating point and suppressing the zero point drift. The stronger the suppression effect on the common mode amplification factor, the better the performance of the amplifier.

What are the common port modes defined in the IEEE 1076 standard package?

1. IN mode
2. OUT mode
3. INOUT mode
4. BUFFER mode

What is the role of the parallel RC network at both ends of the thyristor?

We know that the thyristor has an important characteristic parameter – the critical rate of rise of the off-state voltage dlv/dlt. It indicates the minimum voltage rise rate of the thyristor from the off state to the on state under the rated junction temperature and gate open circuit conditions. If the voltage rise rate is too large and exceeds the value of the voltage rise rate of the thyristor, it will be turned on without a gate signal. This can happen even if the forward voltage applied to the thyristor at this time is lower than its anode peak voltage. Because the thyristor can be seen as consisting of three PN junctions. In the thyristor circuit, an RC series network is connected in parallel at both ends, and this network is often called an RC resistance-capacitance absorption circuit. When the thyristor is in the blocking state, the J2 junction surface is equivalent to a capacitor C0 because the layers are very close to each other. When the anode voltage of the thyristor changes, a charging current flows through the capacitor C0 and through the J3 junction, and this current acts as a gate trigger current. If the anode voltage rises too fast when the thyristor is turned off, the greater the charging current of C0, it may cause the thyristor to be misconnected without a trigger signal at the gate, which is often referred to as hard turn-on. not allowed. Therefore, there should be a certain limit to the rate of increase of the anode voltage applied to the thyristor. In order to limit the excessive rise rate of the circuit voltage and ensure the safe operation of the thyristor, an RC resistor-capacitor absorption network is often connected in parallel at both ends of the thyristor, and the voltage rise rate is limited by the characteristic that the voltage across the capacitor cannot be abruptly changed. Because the circuit always has inductance (transformer leakage inductance or load inductance), the resistor R in series with the capacitor C can play a damping role, which can prevent the R, L, and C circuits from oscillating at both ends of the capacitor during the transition process. Overvoltage damages the thyristor. At the same time, it is avoided that the capacitor discharges too much current through the thyristor, causing overcurrent to damage the thyristor. Since the overcurrent and overvoltage capability of the thyristor is very poor, it cannot work normally if reliable protection measures are not taken. RC resistance-capacitance absorption network is one of the commonly used protection methods.

What is the AMP Management Protocol?

The AMP manager is a module that communicates with the AMP manager of the remote device using L2CAP, and directly interacts with the AMP PAL. The AMP Manager is responsible for discovering remote AMPs, determining their availability, and collecting information about the remote AMPs for use in establishing and managing the AMP’s physical link. The AMP Manager communicates with the remote AMP Manager using a dedicated L2CAP signaling channel.

What is the main role of the voltage current transformer?

1. The secondary voltage of the voltage transformer and the secondary current of the current transformer are further converted into signals suitable for the D chip.
2. Play the role of isolation.
3. Adding shielding layers on the primary and secondary sides of the converter is beneficial to anti-interference.